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Satellite radio service owned by Sirius XM

Sirius Satellite Radio
Sirius Satellite Radio logo, used 2003–2008
Blazon	Division
Industry	Radio dissemination
Founded	May 17, 1990 (1990-05-17)
Founder	Martine Rothblatt David Margolese Robert Briskman
Defunct	January 13, 2011 (2011-01-xiii)
Fate	Merged with XM Satellite Radio in 2008, merged into Sirius XM Radio in 2011
Successor	Sirius XM
Headquarters	New York Metropolis, United States
Products	Satellite radio
Number of employees	one,514 (2010)
Parent	Sirius XM Holdings
Website	world wide web.siriusxm.com

Sirius Satellite Radio was a satellite radio (SDARS) and online radio service operating in N America, owned past Sirius XM Holdings.

Headquartered in New York Urban center, with smaller studios in Los Angeles and Memphis, Sirius was officially launched on July one, 2002. It at present provides 69 streams (channels) of music and 65 streams of sports, news, and entertainment to its subscribers. Music streams on Sirius bear a wide diverseness of genres, dissemination 24 hours daily, commercial-free, and uncensored. A subset of Sirius music channels is included as part of the Dish Network satellite television service. Sirius channels are identified by Nielsen Sound with the characterization "SR" (e.grand. "SR120", "SR9", "SR17").

Its concern model is to provide pay-for-service radio, analogous to the business model for premium cablevision goggle box. Music channels are presented without advertising, while its talk channels, such as Howard Stern'due south Howard 100 and Howard 101 and Jason Ellis' Faction talk 103, carry commercials. Because all channels are free from FCC content regulation, songs are played unedited for linguistic communication; talk programs may also feature explicit content if they wish. Subscriptions are prepaid and range in toll from United states of america$xiv.99 monthly (US$9.99 for each additional receiver) to United states$699.99 for lifetime (of the receiver equipment^[i]). There is a United states$15 activation fee for every radio activated. Sirius announced it had achieved its first positive cash menstruation quarter for the flow ending December 2006.^[two]

Sirius launched its radio service in 4 states on February 14, 2002, expanding service to the residuum of the contiguous U.S. by July of that year. On Oct 16, 2006, Sirius announced that it would be launching Sirius Internet Radio, with 78 of its 135 channels existence bachelor worldwide on the internet to any of its subscribers with a valid user proper noun and countersign.

On July 29, 2008, Sirius formally completed its merger with sometime competitor XM Satellite Radio. The combined company began operating under the name Sirius XM Satellite Radio.^[3] On November 12, 2008, Sirius and XM began dissemination with their new, combined channel lineups.^[4] On January 13, 2011, Sirius Satellite Radio was dissolved as a separate entity and merged into Sirius XM Radio, Inc.^[five]

Early days of Sirius [edit]

Sirius was founded past Martine Rothblatt, who served equally the new company's Chairman of the Board.^[6] Co-founder David Margolese served as Master Executive Officer and Robert Briskman served as President and Chief Operating Officer.^[seven] ^[8] ^[9] In 1990, Rothblatt founded Satellite CD Radio, Inc. in Washington, DC.^[6] ^[ten] The company was the showtime to petition the FCC to assign unused frequencies for satellite radio circulate, which "provoked a furor among owners of both large and small [terrestrial] radio stations."^[10] Rothblatt had previously helped create the PanAmSat international satellite television system,^[11] and helped launch and served equally CEO of the Geostar satellite navigation organisation.^[6] ^[12] In Apr 1992, she resigned as chairman and CEO of Sirius in society to commencement a medical research foundation, focused on finding a cure for her girl's affliction.^[six] Former NASA engineer Robert Briskman, who designed the company'southward satellite technology, was then appointed Chairman and CEO.^[13] ^[14]

Six months later, in November 1992, Rogers Wireless co-founder David Margolese, who had provided fiscal backing for the venture, acquired control of the company and succeeded Briskman. Margolese renamed the company CD Radio, and spent the next five years lobbying the FCC to allow satellite radio to be deployed, and the following five years raising $ane.half-dozen billion, which was used to build and launch 3 satellites into elliptical orbit from Republic of kazakhstan in July 2000.^[fourteen] ^[fifteen] ^[16] ^[17] The company successfully bid $83.3 meg to buy their satellite radio license.^[18] In 1997, after Margolese had obtained regulatory clearance and "effectively created the manufacture," the FCC also sold a license to XM Satellite Radio, which followed Sirius'south case.^[19]

In November 1999, Marketing chief Ira Bahr convinced Margolese to once more change the name of the visitor, this time to Sirius Satellite Radio, in lodge to avoid association with the soon-to-be-outdated CD technology.^[viii] It had secured installation deals with automakers including Chrysler, Ford and BMW.^[17] Sirius launched the initial phase of its service in iv cities, with the showtime receiver sold at Cowboy Maloney's in Jackson, MS ^[20] on Feb 14, 2002,^[21] expanding to the residue of the face-to-face United States on July 1, 2002.^[22] In 2001 Margolese stepped down as CEO, remaining as chairman until November 2003, with Sirius issuing a argument thanking him "for his dandy vision, leadership and dedication in creating both Sirius and the satellite radio industry."^[23]

The first confirmed music transmission from satellite to radio receiver for Sirius was September 1, 2000 in NYC at the current HQ of SiriusXM. Ten employees were present during the first music transmission. One beingness current Lawrence J. Simon Current VP Business and Ground Ops (Onetime B2B lath member for NASCAR, Director of labs for Lockheed Martin and Grumman), Paul De Lia, Electric current Senior Advisor for BCG ( Former CTO for L3-Harris).

Joe Clayton, former CEO of Global Crossing, followed every bit CEO from November 2001 until Nov 2004. He remained chairman until July 2008.^[24] Mel Karmazin, former president of Viacom, became CEO in Nov 2004 and remained in that position through the merger in December 2012.^[25] ^[26]

Merger with XM Satellite Radio and company restructuring [edit]

On February xix, 2007, Sirius announced a merger deal with competitor XM Satellite Radio.^[27] If the pending merger received regime approval, which was required considering of antitrust considerations, information technology would combine the two services into a single satellite radio network in the United States and would exist named Sirius/XM Radio.^[28]

On March 24, 2008, the U.Due south. Section of Justice canonical the merger of Sirius and XM.^[29] Approving from the FCC cleared on July 25, 2008.^[30] Conditions of the merger included allowing any 3rd-party company to make satellite radio devices; producing new radios that can receive both XM and Sirius channels within one year; allowing consumers to cull which channels they would similar to have; freezing subscription rates for three years; setting aside 8% of its channels for noncommercial programmers; and paying $19.vii one thousand thousand in fines for past dominion violations.^[xxx]

Content [edit]

Channels [edit]

List of Sirius XM Radio channels

According to a Bound 2007 Arbitron study, the v channels virtually listened to on Sirius based on their Average Quarterly Hour (AQH) Share were Howard 100, Howard 101, The Highway (56), Sirius Hits 1, and Octane (37).^[31]

Howard Stern [edit]

On October half-dozen, 2004, Sirius announced that it had signed a v-year, US$100 one thousand thousand per year agreement with Howard Stern to move his radio show, The Howard Stern Show, to Sirius starting on January 9, 2006.^[32] ^[33] Stern said his move was forced by the stringent regulations of the FCC whose enforcement was intensified following the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy. In the wake of the announcement of his pending deviation, Stern complained that Infinity Dissemination was making his divergence more begrudging than was necessary. The deal, which gave Sirius exclusive rights to Stern's radio show, also gave Stern the right to build three full-fourth dimension programming channels. His audience had grown almost tenfold by the finish of his second twelvemonth on Sirius, from fewer than 700,000 subscribers to 6 million (see graph on the right). Stern at present has two channels operating on Sirius, but still retains the correct to a third.

Programming content [edit]

Sirius/XM'southward channels carried an array of programming that covered Music, News/Talk, Sports, and Entertainment. Sirius had deals with entertainers and personalities for broadcast streams. Besides Stern, Sirius had deals with Martha Stewart,^[34] E Street Band member Steven Van Zandt,^[35] Jimmy Buffett,^[36] and Eminem^[37] to executive-produce streams or channels on Sirius. Van Zandt created two stations for Sirius: the Underground Garage, dedicated to garage stone, and Outlaw Land with its focus on alternative land music.^[35]

The majority of the company'southward programming was self-produced exclusively for Sirius. Even so, there were some shows—especially in the Talk genre—that were originally created for terrestrial radio, but so aired on conventional radio and on Sirius/XM simultaneously; 1 example was the Eternal Word Television set Network.

Amid the hosts with Sirius/XM shows were:

Sports figures such as Lance Armstrong, NBA Hall of Famer Bill Walton, sports show host Scott Ferrall, fantasy football game experts John Hansen and Adam Caplan from FantasyGuru.com, skateboarder Tony Hawk, skateboarder/MTV personality Bam Margera, and skateboarder Jason Ellis.
Musicians such as Joan Jett, Keith Morris of Black Flag, the B-52's pb singer Fred Schneider, Marky Ramone of The Ramones, and New York Dolls singer David Johansen.
Veteran DJs including New York City DJ Bruce Morrow, freeform radio pioneer Vin Scelsa, Richard Blade, Joe Causi and Child Leo.
Original MTV veejays Marker Goodman, Nina Blackwood, Alan Hunter and Martha Quinn.
Hip Hop superstars Eminem and fifty Cent, forth with veterans such as Grandmaster Flash, Kool DJ Ruby Warning, Kurtis Accident, and DJ Premier.
Such pop dance music artists and DJs every bit Paul Oakenfold, Paul Van Dyk, Liquid Todd, Pete Tong, The Riddler and DJ Icey.
Political commentators including Beak Press, Andrew Wilkow, Mike Church, Rusty Humphries, Mike Malloy, Lynn Samuels, Glenn Beck, Michael Smerconish, and Sean Hannity.
Comedians and satirists including Harry Shearer, Duane Cahill, Mojo Nixon, and Jim Breuer.
Amusement such every bit Cosmo and Maxim Radio featuring Covino and Rich.

Sports [edit]

Sirius likewise broadcast sports content. It had exclusive satellite radio broadcasting rights to all NFL, CFL and NBA games. In December 2005, Sirius announced a multi-twelvemonth deal with the NBA.^[38] The agreement also created a 24-hour NBA Radio Channel.^[38] Sirius aired Full Courtroom Press, an all-NBA prove. On Nov 12, 2008, NBA games switched to XM and were replaced by Sporting News Radio. NHL games were shared with XM for the 2005–2006 season, and in 2007 Sirius/XM gained exclusive rights to NHL games. Sirius too had full NASCAR coverage, including a weekly evidence hosted by at present-retired driver Tony Stewart. In 2009, Sirius/XM was the first to deport alive coverage of the 24-hr road race from Le Mans.

Sirius/XM besides had the rights to a number of major college sports teams, including teams in the Big Due east, Big Ten and Southeastern Conferences, equally well equally The Academy of Notre Dame. Beginning in 2005, Sirius too had exclusive radio rights to cover the NCAA Men's Partitioning I Basketball game Tournament. In August 2004, Sirius launched Sirius NFL Radio, a 24-hr radio stream for roofing the NFL.

Sirius also had the simply national Horse racing talk evidence, At the Races, hosted by noted racing handicapper, Steve Byk.

The Hardcore Poker Evidence, hosted by Rob Pizzo and Chris Tessaro, was the but syndicated poker talk show in N America.

Sirius also broadcast select Premier League matches. On September 27, 2006 Sirius announced a deal to add UEFA Champions League soccer to their lineup. Sirius had exclusive radio rights to broadcast the ESPN boob tube feed of the Euro 2008 championships. Sirius also aired a soccer talk show called "The Football Show" with former Metrostars GM Charlie Stillitano and former International Italian star Giorgio Chinaglia. On Saturdays and Sundays during premier league season, Sirius aired Radio 606, a classic radio call-in evidence from the UK discussing all of the days top matches.

On September 15, 2008, Chris Russo launched his own show called Mad Dog Unleashed.

After the merger between Sirius and XM was completed, Major League Baseball games remained exclusive to XM Radio as a effect of an arrangement dispute between MLB and Sirius XM, which prevented Sirius subscribers from listening to games.^{[ citation needed ]} However, on Baronial 19, 2013, Sirius XM reached an agreement with MLB allowing all customers with both Sirius and XM receivers to hear the games with a premium subscription.^[39]

SiriusXM for Business [edit]

In August 2003, Sirius partnered with Clearwater, Florida-based Applied Media Technologies Corporation, a provider of phone "on hold" messaging.^[40] AMTC provides Sirius service in a package branded every bit Sirius Music for Business. For US$29.95 per month, AMTC provides all of Sirius' streams of commercial-free music, and pays all performance royalties to ASCAP, Broadcast Music Incorporated, and SESAC, so that business owners may legally play Sirius' music in their establishments.

Dissimilar the music services Muzak / DMX Music or Music Choice, the SiriusXM for Business service uses the same channels and SDARS commitment platform equally the consumer Sirius service. The SDARS delivery platform, on the other mitt, is more reliable than any of the other services in that it is not subject to satellite dish rain fade. The highly elliptical orbit of the Sirius satellite constellation tin pose difficulties for the reliable delivery of the signal to stationary antennas in certain parts of the country. To eliminate this potential problem, Sirius launched a new geostationary satellite, FM-5, to ameliorate service to non-mobile customers such every bit those of SiriusXM for Concern.^[41] The service tin also exist accessed online using Sirius' online streaming technology, assuasive whatsoever business organization with a broadband Internet connexion to overcome any potential reception issues. Additionally, Sirius applied for repeaters in Hawaii and Alaska and has already been granted potency for 20 repeaters covering the island of Puerto Rico by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

Sirius Backseat TV [edit]

In March 2007, Sirius announced the availability of its first video service called "Backseat TV". In August 2007, the company revealed details of the beginning receiver, the SCV1, was originally offered exclusively through Chrysler OEM factory units. The service includes streaming video from iii "family" television channels: Nickelodeon, Disney Channel and Cartoon Network Mobile. There is a single screen (or a dual screen option in the Chrysler Town and Country and Dodge Grand Caravan) for back seat passengers to watch while front seat passengers have the option of simultaneously listening to any normal Sirius radio channel. The service is reported to cost an additional U.s.a.$6.99 per month on superlative of the standard Sirius subscription cost.^[42] ^[43] The MSRP of the mill installed units is Us$470 and the aftermarket unit of measurement has an MSRP of US$299.99. Both were made available in the fourth quarter of 2007.^[44] As of 1 Jan 2016 the service has been discontinued.

Engineering [edit]

The Sirius signal is separated into 3 carriers, one each for the 2 satellites, and the third for the terrestrial repeater network where available. Sirius receivers decode all three 4 MHz carrier signals at one time to accomplish signal diversity. This is in dissimilarity to XM which uses six carriers and decodes 3 2 MHz carriers to economize on receiver power consumption and complication at the cost of channel-changing speed. There is an intentional four-second filibuster between the two satellite carrier signals. This enables the receiver to maintain a big buffer of the audio stream, which, along with forward error correction, helps keep the audio playing in the event that the indicate is temporarily lost, such as when driving under an overpass or otherwise losing line-of-sight of whatever of the satellites or footing repeater stations.

A tertiary, divide signal is uplinked to the AMC-6 Ku-band satellite and received by 36-inch (910 mm) satellite dishes for the ground repeater network. This third bespeak is broadcast on a third segment of the indicate.

Signal architecture and early prototypes [edit]

The technology for Sirius Satellite Radio receivers as well as some of the uplink equipment, and the studio encoder, originated at Bell Labs in the late 1990s and subsequent years. The studio encoder was a event of Bell Labs' efforts in statistical multiplexing of perceptual audio coded signals, a cousin of the MP3 standards. The waveform design for the terrestrial and satellite signals, as well as the early prototype receivers, were implemented in an FPGA logic and tested in the field to verify the performance of the receivers. This work was contracted past Sirius to Lucent Technologies, at the time a spinoff of AT&T. Early on prototypes were followed past a number of generations of ASIC custom designed chipsets, supplied at first by Agere Systems and after supplied by Agere Systems and their competitor STMicroelectronics.

Three signals from 3 unlike sources (satellite, satellite, and terrestrial) are therefore combined in the receiver as radio signals, (not as sound signals). The three signals demand to be combined constructively (avoiding situations where bad signals pollute good signals) in the receiver earlier being decoded. Heavy mistake correction is applied to the signals. All three signals contain the aforementioned sound content on all the channels that the receiver can receive, with the exception of 1 audio program waveform existence transmitted ahead of the other two by approximately 4 seconds. With this fourth dimension skew, the signals, once realigned, demand to meet an 8-second obstruction of overpass fade in society to lose audio content. This increases the robustness of the signal delivery in well-nigh driving atmospheric condition.

In order to recover meaningful signal and fault-costless audio from a signal impaired by interference and fading, the receiver uses concatenated Reed-Solomon block coding and Forward Mistake Correction encoding and decoding (codec). This technique was proven in the early days of satellite modems in the belatedly 1970s. Linkabit, then run past Irwin Jacobs prior to his interest with Qualcomm, offered such a codec for rack mounting in satellite earth stations. The Sirius signal uses more robust error correction on control channels than on the audio content, trading off error correction and bandwidth differently for separate categories of bits in the signal waveform.

The terrestrial carrier is an OFDM QPSK signal, and cousin to WiMax and LTE, with the particular feature that more than 1 transmitter operates on the same frequency, forming a single frequency network. A number of transmitters tin can be placed around a metropolis to create coverage that is less field of study to fading than if a single transmitter were used. The satellite signal is QPSK. Both satellite and terrestrial signals have hierarchical modulation superposed on the original betoken, a measure created to add bandwidth at a pocket-sized expense in the satellite link budget for decoding the core audio content.

This architecture has worked remarkably well in avoiding drop out of audio signal when driving nether highway overpasses, and when scintillating (very deep and frequent losses in point strength acquired by radio fading from trees) conditions exist. Since Sirius and XM separately entered the market with incompatible waveforms on the satellite, 1 would logically conclude that the merged visitor volition eventually evolve the signal format again to take reward of their size, just this is a speculative argument. The use of a satellite and terrestrial combined service has been adopted by the DVB-SH standard, and companies such equally ICO communications who cooperated with Alcatel-Lucent on system design and field trials. ONDAS, a Madrid-based company, besides adopted this pioneering arrangement compages.

Receiver technology [edit]

The receiver is designed to mitigate and retain signal quality in hostile signal conditions and the relatively weak betoken levels from distant satellites. Because the satellites are non all geostationary they appear and disappear over the horizon. Terrestrial signals are present merely in major cities to augment the satellite signals.

Approximately five chipset versions were congenital by Agere and approximately 4 versions were built by STMicroelectronics after the initial prototypes, although all of the early on receivers included an Agere chipset known as Northstar. This platform enjoyed the highest volume of chipsets to appointment, representing the majority of total production from 2002 to 2010. As of 2010, most of the chipsets are produced past STMicroelectronics.

At the center of a Sirius receiver is a custom application-specific integrated excursion (ASIC) chip chosen the Baseband Integrated Circuit currently the STA240, which is produced by STMicroelectronics. The scrap contains embedded ARM7TDMI and ARM946E-South microprocessors synthesized from IP cores. Every baseband has a unique Electronic Serial Number (or Sirius ID). Another major department of a Sirius receiver is the tuner. The tuner is also a custom ASIC, the STA210. The tuner connects to the antenna, and receives the incoming satellite and terrestrial signals at 2.315 GHz and downconverts them to intermediate frequency signals at around 75 MHz. The force of the signals is approximately −50dBm in clear-heaven weather. The IF signals are fed to the STA240, which are digitized, demodulated, error-corrected, de-interleaved, and decrypted using specialized circuits on the chip. The baseband processor utilizes a 16MB SDRAM retention to buffer 4 seconds of one of the satellite signals in order to bring it into time coincidence with the other for Maximal-ratio combining. On newer receivers with a "pause" feature, a dual-port PSRAM is employed to shop up to 60 minutes of the selected channel. The baseband processor outputs digital audio over a Serial Peripheral Interface, which is fed to a D/A converter to produce the analog audio signal. The front end-end of a Sirius receiver is called the head unit, required to display descriptive text (such every bit the category, channel, artist, and song name) and provide controls to the user. This is implemented by the tertiary-party designers of Sirius-ready receivers, using a microprocessor of their choice.

Sirius offers car radios and domicile entertainment systems, likewise as car and home kits for portable utilize. The Sirius receiver includes the antenna module and the receiver module. The antenna module picks up signals from the ground repeaters or the satellite, amplifies the betoken and filters out any interference. The betoken is then passed on to the receiver module. Inside the receiver module is a chipset consisting of eight fries. The chipset converts the signals from 2.3 gigahertz (GHz) to a lower intermediate frequency. Sirius also offers an adapter that allows conventional auto radios to receive satellite signals.

Sirius broadcasts using 12.5 MHz of the South ring between 2320 and 2332.five MHz. Audio channels are digitally compressed using a proprietary variant of Clear-cut's Perceptual Audio Coder compression algorithm and encrypted with a proprietary conditional admission system. Sirius has announced that they intend to implement hierarchical modulation engineering science to economize on bandwidth up to 25%.^[50]

Each receiver must be continued to an external antenna, which is included with the receiver. Antenna placement is crucial to receiving a articulate point. In some locations users take experienced difficulty receiving the Sirius programming considering the signal is not consistently potent. For the best reception, antennas should exist placed such that they have an unobstructed view of the sky (preferably on rooftops without overhanging eaves or trees). If this is not an option, the antenna should be placed on an exterior wall. When placing on an exterior wall, the antenna should exist mounted to a wall which faces the southern continental United States in order to minimize the likelihood of the building itself blocking the signal.^[51] ^[52]

Volkswagen's RNS-510 radio offers SiriusXM Radio with station logos as well as TravelLink.

Satellite technology [edit]

Sirius' satellites are named Radiosat because there is already a fleet of satellites named Sirius, launched by Sweden's NSAB (Nordiska Satellitaktiebolaget, or Nordic Satellite AB, and known today equally SES Sirius) and used for full general telecommunications and satellite tv throughout Sweden and the residue of Scandinavia.

The electric current primary uplink facility for Sirius, which was formerly used equally the uplink site for Western Union'south Westar fleet of communication satellites from the early 1970s to the late 1980s, is located in Glenwood, New Jersey. The original facility was located on the roof of the building housing the Sirius studios in Rockefeller Center in New York City but has since been decommissioned.

Sirius' spacecraft Radiosat i through Radiosat 4 were manufactured by Space Systems/Loral. The get-go three of the series were orbited in 2000 by Proton Chiliad Block-DM3 launch vehicles, with the final three-satellite constellation completed on November 30, 2000. Radiosat 4, built as a basis spare for the at present-decommissioned elliptical mission, was transferred to the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum in October 2012.^[53] It is on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center. The satellites are based on the Infinite Systems/Loral 1300 platform. Before the elliptical satellites were decommissioned, all three satellites broadcast directly to the consumer's receiver, but due to the highly elliptical orbit but ii of them broadcast at whatsoever given time. Today the satellites are located in the southern heaven in the United States.

Satellites Radiosat 1 through Radiosat 3, now decommissioned, fly in geosynchronous (not geostationary) Tundra orbits. Like the geostationary orbit, the tundra orbit has a period of 23 hours, 56 minutes (one sidereal day). Unlike the geostationary orbit, the tundra orbit is elliptical, not round, and is inclined with respect to the equator rather than orbiting straight over it. The eccentric orbit ensures that each satellite spends about sixteen hours of each twenty-four hours high over the continental U.s.. At to the lowest degree 1 satellite is always visible, with another often visible as well. The orbit's high inclination places apogee just due west of Hudson Bay in Canada, providing a much higher height angle for most of the country than is possible from a geostationary orbit. This was intended to reduce blockage from tall buildings in urban areas, allowing a much smaller terrestrial repeater network than does sis network XM, which uses geostationary orbits. This system has since been decommissioned in favor of newer geostationary satellites located at 96.0° and 116.15° that support both the Sirius and XM platforms.

On June 8, 2006, Infinite Systems/Loral announced that information technology was awarded a contract for the fifth Sirius spacecraft.^[54] The new spacecraft features a nine-meter unfurlable reflector. The first four Sirius spacecraft used more traditional parabolic reflectors. The new satellite has been designed for geostationary orbit, unlike the other satellites in the constellation; the different orbit has the stated purpose of allowing for more consistent reception for fixed location users (many subscribers have reported having to regularly reposition their antennas for optimal reception). Radiosat v (FM-5) is in a geostationary orbit at 96.0° West. It was launched June 30, 2009, and announced to be in service as of September 9, 2009.^[55]

On October 14, 2010, the XM-five satellite was launched aboard an International Launch Services (ILS) Proton vehicle. It was placed into a geostationary orbit at 85.two° West to serve the eastern half of the United States. Information technology is named XM-5 because it serves as an in-orbit spare that can replace both the Sirius Radiosat satellites and the XM satellites. The satellite was manufactured by Space Systems/Loral and was fully operational on December 3, 2010.^[56]

On Feb 29, 2008, the launch service provider International Launch Services (ILS) announced a contract which includes a launch of the SIRIUS FM-half-dozen satellite on a Proton Briz M launch vehicle.^[57] The launch planned for March 6, 2012, was canceled due to concerns with a pattern defect in the solar console deployment.^[58] The Radiosat 6 (FM-6) satellite was launched on October 25, 2013, and was put in a geostationary orbit at 116.fifteen° West which services the western half of the The states.^[59]

Satellites [edit]

Sirius FM-1 (Radiosat 1). Launch occurred on 30 June 2000.
Sirius FM-2 (Radiosat 2). Launch occurred on v September 2000.
Sirius FM-3 (Radiosat 3). Launch occurred on 30 November 2000.
Sirius FM-4 (Radiosat 4). Ground spare, was not launched into orbit. Donated to Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum in October 2012.
Sirius FM-5 (Radiosat v). Launch occurred xxx June 2009.
Sirius FM-6 (Radiosat 6). Launch occurred October 25, 2013.

Receivers [edit]

As of 2005^[update], Sirius receivers were available for various new Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Dodge, Ford, Jaguar, Jeep, Land Rover, Lexus, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Mercury, MINI, Mitsubishi, Scion, Toyota (except Corolla), Porsche, Volkswagen, and Volvo vehicles, and the service plans on adding availability for portable use. Subaru offers Sirius on the Forester and Impreza. Starting in 2006, all Rolls-Royce vehicles sold in the United States came with a Sirius radio and lifetime subscription as standard equipment. Sirius had an exclusive contract for VW and Audi vehicles from 2007 through 2012, and with Kia Motors from 2008 through 2014, with an optional extension to 2017. Kickoff in the 2007 model twelvemonth, Bentley vehicles have had Sirius equally an option, and it became standard equipment in several models beginning in 2008.^[60] Porsche switched to XM Satellite Radio on their vehicles get-go with the 2007 model year. Currently, simply Toyota (including its Lexus and Scion divisions) and Subaru offering both Sirius and XM contracts (however both companies usually equip vehicles with XM).

Sirius also makes several receivers for aftermarket installations such every bit the Sportster4, Starmate Replay, Sirius S50 with a built-in 1GB MP3 player, and the Sirius One. Radios from Sirius include:

Sportster v – plug and play radio with a color screen and one 60 minutes of storage
Sirius Stiletto 100 – the first portable Sirius radio that allows subscribers to listen to alive Sirius programming. The Stiletto boasts a 2 gigabyte memory, which is roughly equivalent to 100 hours of recording time. The unit'south batteries give the user approximately xxx hours of life. The unit of measurement also features Wi-Fi technology, which is used equally a backup to stream music from the Internet when a clear signal force is not readily available from the built-in antenna. Sirius' partnerships with Napster and Yahoo Music provide additional content for Stiletto users.
Sirius Stiletto 10 -The "feature"-light version to the Stiletto 100. The Stiletto ten offers all that the Stiletto 100 offers but does not offer Wi-Fi, MP3/WMA playback and only offers 256 megabytes of storage space (about 10 hours of Sirius programming). The Stiletto 10 offers Artist and Song Seek – Not featured on the Stiletto 100 or Stiletto two. This seek function watches for a driver'southward favorite artists and songs that he or she wants to hear and will allow him or her know when they are playing on any other station.
Sirius Stiletto 2 – the newest portable Sirius radio. A slimmer, improved version of the Stilleto 100. Has a microSD slot behind the battery for storing MP3/WMA files and playlists (not Sirius content). Wi-Fi back up expanded to handle WPA and WPA2 (non-Enterprise) with passcodes.
Sportster three was the first radio to use the new universal dock station.
Sirius S50 – the first portable Sirius radio – which is not a LIVE portable, it has to be plugged into a home or auto dock where content can exist downloaded for subsequently listening. The RIAA through its efforts to amend the Audio Home Recording Deed and its lawsuit against XM Radio has bedridden the S50 equally it tried to limit the number and quality of downloads available to consumers.^[61]
Sirius Starmate ST1 (note: ST1C is the Canadian version)
Sirius Starmate Replay ST2
Sirius Sportster Exec. Docking Station Bundle
Sirius Sportster Radio with Boombox Package
Tivoli Sirius Tabular array Radio
Kenwood H2EV Radio with Machine and Home Kits
Clarion Calypso Sirius Radio with Machine Kit
XACT XTR1 Radio with Auto Kit
SiriusConnect for Pioneer SIR-PNR1 which tin exist modified to provide a Series or USB Serial interface to control the radio.

On-line media streaming options [edit]

For an boosted fee, Sirius subscribers are also able to access all of the proprietary music channels and most of the talk stations via streaming media through Sirius.com. A standard 64 kbit/s and "Premium" 128 kbit/due south feed are available.

Alternatives to the browser-based actor are available such equally a Yahoo! Widget (designed to look like a miniature Sportster model receiver), and SIRIUS Internet Radio Thespian (based on Windows Media Player and available as a plug-in or standalone application). Both alternatives take gained popularity with streaming listeners, and offer artist and track name data updated in real time, which is an improvement from the online Sirius histrion.

Recently, SiriusXMStream has come available as a replacement to Usirius. It offers a server capability to stream Sirius and XM programming to game consoles and mobile phones every bit an culling to the iPhone And Blackberry app.

NiceMac LLC, creator of the StarPlayr and StarLightXM production lines have created clients for Mac, PC, Windows Mobile and iPhone. The company recently merged with Jason Millard of Millard Software and released USirius StarPlayr, a Sirius XM iPhone client in 2009.

CatPig Studios Inc. has too released Radium for Mac, a general-purpose internet radio player that supports XM and Sirius. In early 2010, Rogue Amoeba software released Pulsar, a standalone Sirius-XM player for Mac OSX.

In addition to existence available through Sirius.com, Howard Stern's website offers a Coffee awarding that streams the two Stern-themed channels. The site also states that Stern-specific video and audio clips would exist fabricated bachelor at a later date.^[62]

Apple iOS app [edit]

Sirius XM has developed a software awarding for employ on the Apple tree iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch devices that allows its subscribers and users of those devices to listen to its programming. The application was released and available for download on the evening of June 17, 2009. The Sirius XM app is available at the iTunes App Shop. Also integrated into the app is a "click to purchase" part where if a user clicks whatsoever song title playing on Sirius XM they are given the choice to be taken to the iTunes Music Store where they can purchase the track or album. Due to the terms of a new contract, the Howard Stern channels were added on Tuesday, December 21.

Android app [edit]

Sirius XM has developed a streaming app for the Android Smartphone platform. This app is bachelor costless of charge in the marketplace, and requires an boosted US$iii.49/mo to subscribe to. The app features all of the content available on a standard Sirius receiver.

BlackBerry app [edit]

Sirius XM has also developed an awarding for use on certain 3G-enabled Rim BlackBerry smartphones. Much like its Apple tree counterpart, information technology features a restricted 120-aqueduct lineup featuring most of the music channels and selected talk programming. As with the Apple tree app, some select programming, including MLB Play-by-Play, NFL Play-by-Play, SIRIUS NASCAR Radio are non available on the Blackberry. Shortly afterward signing a new contract, Howard Stern began promoting the mobile app, and his content was added to the mobile offerings.

Blackberry smartphones currently compatible with the Sirius app:

BlackBerry Bold (excluding the 9900 and the 9930)
BlackBerry Curve 8330¹
BlackBerry Curve 8500
BlackBerry Curve 8900
BlackBerry Storm
BlackBerry Storm 2
BlackBerry Bout

¹ If OS version is above v.0.239

In Canada [edit]

In Nov 2004, a partnership between Sirius, Standard Broadcasting and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation filed an application with the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission to introduce Sirius in Canada. The application was canonical on June 16, 2005. The decision was appealed to the Canadian federal cabinet past a number of broadcasting, labour, and arts and culture organizations, including the Friends of Canadian Broadcasting, CHUM Express, and the National Campus and Community Radio Association. The groups objected to Sirius' approach to and reduced levels of Canadian content and French-language programming, forth with the exclusion of Canadian non-commercial broadcasting. Afterwards a lengthy argue, the cabinet rejected the appeals on September 9, 2005. Sirius Canada was officially launched December 1, 2005.

In 2006 it offered a lifetime plan to subscribers that for a $549 fee it would unlock the top tier channels for unlimited apply on whatsoever Sirius device, including the Internet and phone. However, the visitor currently only offers at maximum, a three-year subscription.^[63]

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation has reported poor reception in northern Canada.^[64]

In Puerto Rico [edit]

In September 2009, The Federal Communications Commission agreed to Sirius XM's asking for a special temporary authority to operate 20 terrestrial repeaters for the satellite radio service in Puerto Rico.^[65]

The commission did so over the objections of the Puerto Rico Radio Broadcasters Association (Asociación de Radiodifusores de Puerto Rico), who said the blessing expands the Sirius XM reach exterior its authorized coverage area and would let Sirius XM to compete with terrestrial broadcasters for listeners.^[65]

Afterwards receiving communications by public officials in opposition to the broadcasters, such equally Puerto Rico Secretary of Land Kenneth McClintock, in rejecting those arguments, the commission said Sirius XM's footprint already covers the island only the point is weak and blocked by tall buildings and foliage. Equally for the touch on on competition, the FCC said information technology has considered these arguments before and "declined to find that" satellite radio would impairment local broadcasters.

The Sirius total terrestrial coverage is available in select sites in the cities of San Juan, Carolina, Bayamón, Cataño, Caguas and Ponce. In the remainder of Puerto Rico, coverage is provided past Sirius' constellation of satellites.

Sirius Net Radio [edit]

In October 2006, Sirius announced that it was launching a new service named Sirius Net Radio (SIR) that offered approximately 75 of the 135 Sirius channels worldwide to people other than subscribers to its satellite radio service. Prior to this, Sirius subscribers who had a satellite radio were too able to admission many of the Sirius channels via the Internet, using a special password, merely the service operated at 32 kbit/s and was only available to those who purchased a satellite radio receiver. Sirius Internet Radio is an Internet-only subscription, assuasive worldwide listeners to mind to the content without having to purchase a satellite radio receiver, the internet subscription can likewise be heard on Wi-Fi-enabled Internet radio for consumer and business purposes such equally those designed past Grace Digital. The service besides expands the number of channels that are available to Sirius Stiletto 100 users via Wi-Fi.

Freedom Media Corporation investment [edit]

As of February 11, 2009, Sirius XM had $3.25 billion in total debt and had until February 17, 2009, to repay $175 million in bonds held by EchoStar. EchoStar has been ownership Sirius XM'due south debt since an unsuccessful Dec 2008 takeover bid. Shares of Sirius XM had been trading for less than $1 from September x, 2008, until February 2010.^[66] The visitor announced in early Feb 2009 that it may file for bankruptcy "as early equally" Tuesday, February 17, 2009.^[67] On February 17, 2009, Sirius entered into an investment agreement with Liberty Media Corporation. Sirius received $550 million to pay maturing debt in exchange for twoscore% of its convertible preferred stock.

Class action lawsuits [edit]

SirusXM has been involved in several high-profile class action lawsuits.

Hooker v. Sirius XM radio was settled with a settlement pool of US$35 1000000 in response to claims that SiriusXM denies that the company used robocalling techniques targeting non-subscribers that had received calls from SiriusXM after leasing or buying a car.^[68]
Blessing v. Sirius XM Class Action Adjust – On Baronial 25, 2011, the Court presiding over the lawsuit, Blessing 5. Sirius XM Radio Inc., approved a class activeness settlement. A federal approximate approved a United states$180 million form action lawsuit settlement with SiriusXM Satellite Radio that accuses SiriusXM of breaking the law by raising subscription rates following its 2008 merger. The settlement provided a number of benefits to current and former SiriusXM subscribers, including one free month of service.^[69]
Turtles 5. Sirius XM – SiriusXM paid up to Us$99 one thousand thousand to settle a class action lawsuit filed by The Turtles after the satellite radio company spent years broadcasting songs recorded earlier 1972 without compensating labels or artists.^[70]

See besides [edit]

Applied Media Technologies Corporation – Primary distribution partner for SIRIUS commercial accounts
Commercialization of space
Digital Satellite Broadcasting Corporation, a SDARS license sale participant
Dish Network
Primosphere Limited Partnership, a SDARS license auction participant
WorldSpace, a satellite radio company
XM Satellite Radio, a satellite radio visitor
Sirius XM, a satellite radio visitor

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External links [edit]

Sirius Satellite Radio Official website (The states)
Sirius Satellite Radio Official website (Canada)
Sirius Satellite Radio All access channel guide
Sirius Satellite Radio Printable aqueduct guide
FCC Spectrum Award [1]

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